How to implement the EU-Turkey Statement: Phase II – Key facts and key steps

The full version of this paper is available in PDF format.

Priorities this winter:

• end the humanitarian emergency on the islands
• avoid a new humanitarian emergency on the mainland
• reduce the number of people crossing the Balkan route
• ensure that there are no push backs at any border in South East Europe 

For this:

• reduce the number of people crossing to the Aegean islands, and increase the probability of return of those who arrive to Turkey (currently below 1 percent),
• move those now on the islands to the mainland, restart relocation from Greece.
• create humane reception conditions on the islands,
• a coalition of EU member state asylum agencies to cooperate with the Greek Asylum Service to ensure that new claims on the islands are dealt with within weeks.
• once arrivals are reduced again, restart relocation from Greek mainland to EU, also to reduce pressure on the Balkan route,
• EU to reach understanding with Turkey on Phase II of the Statement – guarantee another 6 billion Euros for the growing number of Syrian refugees in Turkey in the next years. Discuss extending the EU-Turkey agreement to the land border.

To achieve these goals, learn from what has worked and what failed since 2016. This WAS achieved already in spring 2016:

• In the first 3 months of 2016, before the EU-Turkey Statement, ~ 150,000 people arrived on the islands.
• In the 3 months after the statement it was fewer than 7,000.
• In the first 3 months of 2017 it was 4,000. Numbers started to rise again from the middle of 2017.